Bowel Obstruction

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What is Bowel Obstruction?

A bowel obstruction is a serious medical condition where the small or large intestine becomes blocked, preventing the normal movement of food, fluids, and waste. Here’s a detailed overview:
Types of Bowel Obstruction

  1. Mechanical Obstruction: Caused by physical blockages such as:
    • Scar tissue (adhesions) from previous surgeries.
    • Hernias.
    • Tumors.
    • Twisting of the intestines (volvulus).
    • Intussusception (where one part of the intestine slides into another).
    • Foreign objects or impacted stool.
  2. Functional Obstruction (Pseudo-obstruction): Occurs when the intestines fail to move contents due to nerve or muscle problems, without a physical blockage.

Symptoms

  • Severe abdominal pain and cramping.
  • Bloating and distension.
  • Nausea and vomiting (sometimes with bile or fecal matter).
  • Constipation or inability to pass gas.
  • Diarrhea (in partial obstructions).
  • Loss of appetite and dehydration.

Complications

If untreated, bowel obstruction can lead to:

  • Tissue death (ischemia) due to lack of blood flow.
  • Perforation of the intestine, causing severe infection (sepsis).
  • Electrolyte imbalances and kidney failure.
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Bowel Obstruction
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